PhD
PhD by Research
Our PhD by research programme is based on independent study, guided by your assigned supervisors and support system. It typically [...]
Research Project Overview
Darren’s research evaluates the effectiveness of Participatory Action Research (PAR) in overcoming change barriers for business sustainability in Gibraltar’s water industry. The research aims to enhance educational action, foster alignment, and improve business performance and systems towards sustainability. The findings provide valuable insights for other organisations and international small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and contribute to the emerging literature on organisational change for business sustainability in the water industry. By exploring the role of PAR, this study seeks to inspire new approaches to implementing sustainable practices and overcoming barriers associated with change, ultimately promoting a more sustainable future for the water sector in Gibraltar and beyond.
Project Team
Project lead: Dr Darren Cruz
Supervisors: Prof Wilfred Carr (Primary Supervisor) and Dr Ingrid Mulà Pons de Vall (Secondary Supervisor, Universitat de Girona.)
Significance of the research
The significance of this project lies in its potential to transform approaches to sustainability within Gibraltar’s water industry and beyond. By evaluating the effectiveness of Participatory Action Research (PAR), the study highlights the value of collaborative (internally driven) methodologies in addressing complex challenges related to business sustainability. The findings may potentially contribute to a deeper understanding of how collective social action can drive meaningful change within a business. This project also offers practical insights for organisations and international small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) seeking to implement sustainable practices. By demonstrating the success of PAR in overcoming barriers to change, the research serves as a valuable resource for managing transitions towards more sustainable operations.
- HM Government of Gibraltar
Research methods
The research draws upon and examines the philosophical and theoretical assumptions of the Critical Theory (CT) paradigm with the aim of enabling transformative change within established social traditions. The fundamental objective is to undertake an emancipatory study that facilitates critical performativity and action. A Participatory Action Research (PAR) methodological approach is employed to engage in a professional community-based analysis. The primary objective is to bring about
change and reorientation of practices and processes for improvement through knowledge assembly and conscientisation, focusing on achieving sustainability. The research concentrates on gaining an in-depth understanding of the professional “world” that action researchers navigate, allowing for the identification of social inconsistencies and the pursuit of a deeper understanding of reality to better facilitate transformation and organisational change. Qualitative research methods, such as focus groups, interviews and document review are utilised to address and formulate research findings. The study is underpinned with the theoretical Perspectives of Habermasian Critical Theory. The combination of these approaches fosters a richer understanding of the subject and supports the overarching goal of promoting sustainable practices within the organisation.
Relevance to the wider community
The research holds significant relevance for the wider community, particularly regarding sustainable practices within Gibraltar’s water industry. By evaluating the effectiveness of Participatory Action Research (PAR), the study underscores the importance of collaborative methodologies in overcoming barriers to change. A sustainably operating business can enhance practices, ensuring that the resources available are used efficiently and responsibly. Improved sustainability within the water sector leads to a better overall service, benefiting both residents and businesses who depend on this vital resources.
Pathways to impact
The study enriches the existing literature on organisational change in the context of business sustainability, filling a gap in knowledge and providing a framework for future research. The emphasis on educational action and alignment among stakeholders fosters a culture of sustainability, encouraging continuous improvement and shared responsibility. Ultimately, this project contributes to the development of resilient business practices that not only protect water resources but also support long-term environmental and social wellbeing for communities both locally and globally.
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